Spatial damage distribution of August 16,2003,Inner Mongolia,China,M_S=5.9 earth-quake and analysis     

高孟潭  许力生  郭文生  万波  俞言祥 《地震学报(英文版)》2005,18(2)

Introduction The ground motion is generally estimated by attenuation relation in seismic hazard assesment.The attenuation relation is usually the function of earthquake magnitude and distance.Actually the focal mechanism and other source parameters may also have significant impacts on the ground motion,especially in the near-source region.Recent post-earthquake investigations show that the damages have close relation with the closest fault-plane distance.On August16,2003,a MS=5.9earthquake o…  相似文献   

An invariance in the carbazoles of petroleum     

张春明赵红静  胡伯良 《中国地球化学学报》2005,24(3):253-256

A remarkable invariance in the ratio of 1,3-dimethylcarbazole （DMC） to 1,6-DMC was discovered in crude oils from the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea. The remarkably invariant ratio is kept at a constant of about unity regardless of their concentrations, sources or maturities for the sampies. In combination with the molecular structures of 1,3- and 1,6-DMCs, the invariance might indicate that the nitrogen compounds share a common precursor with a skeleton of 1-methylcarbazole and are formed through methylation at C3 and C6 with an essentially identical rate.  相似文献   

PRESSURE GRADIENT FROM THE CONTRIBUTION OF BOTH GEOTHERMAL AND GRAVITY IN THE LITHOSPHERE     

HU Baoqun LU Guxian WANG Fangzhang SUN Zhanxue LIU Chengdong BAI Lihong 《大地构造与成矿学(英文版)》2005,29(2):128-138

1 Introduction The pressure, a scalar quantity, is defined as P = F/S (F is force, S is the area for F) which can be widely used for both solid and fluid. The formula P = g ρh (g-gravitation acceleration,ρ-density, h-depth) is only used for even density static solid and fluid. The delivery of pressure in the fluid follows the law of Pascal, and the average pressure of uneven density fluid can be calculated with the formula of P = g ρh. The temperature influence on pressure is notHU Ba…  相似文献   

滕州荆泉水源地岩溶塌陷特征与成因分析          下载免费PDF全文

贾继成  孟宪洲  白平 《山东国土资源》2018,34(6)

自2015年6月以来,在山东滕州荆泉水源地范围内连续发生多起岩溶塌陷。通过研究区域地质条件,在已有认识的基础上分析得出发育的浅层开口岩溶洞隙的存在,一定厚度的松散覆盖层及地下水位大幅下降是该区产生岩溶塌陷的基本条件。阐述了岩溶塌陷形成发育过程及影响因素,得出长期过量抽采岩溶水是区内岩溶塌陷的主要因素,合理减少地下水开采量是预防岩溶塌陷最有效的方法。  相似文献   

Large‐scale poroelastic fractured reservoirs modeling using the fast multipole displacement discontinuity method          下载免费PDF全文

A. Verde  A. Ghassemi 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2016,40(6):865-886

An effective approach to modeling the geomechanical behavior of the network and its permeability variation is to use a poroelastic displacement discontinuity method (DDM). However, the approach becomes rather computationally intensive for an extensive system of cracks, particularly when considering coupled diffusion/deformation processes. This is because of additional unknowns and the need for time‐marching schemes for the numerical integration. The Fast Multipole Method (FMM) is a technique that can accelerate the solution of large fracture problems with linear complexity with the number of unknowns both in memory and CPU time. Previous works combining DDM and FMM for large‐scale problems have accounted only for elastic rocks, neglecting the fluid leak‐off from the fractures into the matrix and its influence on pore pressure and stress field. In this work we develop an efficient geomechanical model for large‐scale natural fracture networks in poroelastic reservoirs with fracture flow in response to injection and production operations. Accuracy and computational performance of the proposed method with those of conventional poroelastic DDM are compared through several case studies involving up to several tens of thousands of boundary elements. The results show the effectiveness of the FMM approach to successfully evaluate field‐scale problems for the design of exploitation strategies in unconventional geothermal and petroleum reservoirs. An example considering faults reveals the impact of reservoir compartmentalization because of sealing faults for both geomechanical and flow variables under elastic and poroelastic rocks. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Structural geometry and controls on basement‐involved deformation in the northern Flinders Ranges,Adelaide Fold Belt,South Australia     

E. Paul  T. Flöttmann  M. Sandiford 《Australian Journal of Earth Sciences》2013,60(3):343-354

In the northern Flinders Ranges, Neoproterozoic and Cambrian sedimentary rocks were deformed and variably metamorphosed during the ca 500 Ma Cambro‐Ordovician Delamerian Orogeny. Balanced and restored structural sections across the northern Flinders Ranges show shortening of about 10–20%. Despite the presence of suitable evaporitic detachment horizons at the basement‐cover interface, the structural style is best interpreted to be thick‐skinned involving basement with only a minor proportion of the overall shortening accommodated along stratigraphically controlled detachments. Much of the contractional deformation was localised by the inversion of former extensional faults such as the Norwest and Paralana Faults, which both controlled the deposition of Neoproterozoic cover successions. As such, both faults represent major, long‐lived structures which effectively define the present boundaries of the northern Flinders Ranges with the Gawler Craton to the west and the Curnamona Craton to the east. The most intense deformation, which resulted in exhumation of the basement along the Paralana Fault to form the Mt Painter and Babbage Inliers, coincides with extremely high heat flows related to extraordinarily high heat‐production rates in the basement rocks. High heat flow in the northern Flinders Ranges suggests that the structural style not only reflects the pre‐Delamerian basin architecture but is also a consequence of the reactivation of thermally perturbed, weakened basement.  相似文献   

鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起西南缘奥陶系热演化史恢复与生烃史——以麟游-旬邑地区为例     

曹展鹏  任战利  熊平  祁凯  陈占军 《地质学报》2016,90(3):513-520

本文应用古地温恢复法及盆地模拟法,恢复鄂尔多斯盆地渭北隆起西南缘奥陶系最大古地温梯度、热演化史和生烃史。根据钻孔测温曲线求得渭北隆起现今地温梯度为3.12℃/100m。该区在二叠纪和三叠纪进入快速沉降阶段,早侏罗世早白垩世进入缓慢沉降阶段,晚白垩世以来进入抬升剥蚀阶段,剥蚀厚度在1100~1300 m。旬邑地区奥陶系烃源岩在早二叠世约270 Ma进入生油窗,晚三叠世约210 Ma进入成熟生油阶段。晚侏罗世约150 Ma开始大量生气,在早白垩世末期96 Ma左右,地层达到最大埋深及最高古地温,达到生气高峰。热史恢复及模拟结果表明旬邑地区早白垩世地温梯度最高可达到5.0℃/100 m,是主要生气期。  相似文献   

Water-rock-tailings interactions and sources of sulfur and metals in the subtropical mining region of Taxco,Guerrero (southern Mexico): A multi-isotopic approach     

《Applied Geochemistry》2016

Multi-isotope (H, O, S, Sr, Pb) systems coupled with conventional (major and trace element) hydrogeochemical analysis were applied to determine the origin of water, to model water-rock-tailings interactions and for source apportionment of sulfur and associated toxic metals in the mining region of Taxco, Guerrero in southern Mexico. Oxygen and H isotopes indicate that meteoric water in the zone is rainwater undergoing varying degrees of isotopic fractionation by atmospheric evaporation whereas Sr isotopes trace the interaction of pristine water from volcanics of the regional recharge zone and subsequently flowing through sandstone and shale to spring points. Leachates form from two distinctive sources (spring water and surface water) having differential interactions with bedrocks prior to entering the tailings. Compared to pristine water, leachates are enriched in sulfate, metals (e.g. Fe, Mn, Pb and Zn) and metalloids (e.g. As). The sulfur isotopic composition of ore-sulfides, leachates, secondary precipitates, regional surface water and hypogenic sulfates is described in terms of a two-component mixing model with shale of Mexcala and limestone of Morelos formations representing the light and heavy end-members, respectively, whereas Sr isotopic composition is bracketed combining three lithogenic (Mexcala/Morelos, Tilzapotla and Taxco Schist) sources. Finally, leachates have a mixture of lead from ore-sulfides and Taxco Schist Formation (Family I) or from ore-sulfides alone (Family II). The application of multiple environmental isotopic techniques is an outstanding tool for elucidating complex interactions of water with bedrocks and tailings and for determining the source of sulfur and toxic metal from mining and other metal polluted environments.  相似文献   

天津市地热资源开发利用特征及存在问题分析          下载免费PDF全文

林溦  于彦  秦莉红  康楠 《地质找矿论丛》2016,31(4):592-599

天津地区的地热地质条件良好,蕴藏着丰富的地热资源。在地热资源的开发利用过程中,每年可产生可观的经济、社会和环境效益,但由于开发方式的不尽合理,带来诸多问题。文章阐述了天津开发利用地热资源的特征,分析了存在的问题。认为不同热储层间水力联系的存在和地热井间距的过小,造成开采层间相互影响较大;地热井布局不合理、开采层位相对集中、回灌程度不高导致局部热储层压力大幅度下降,持续的大幅度压力下降将引发吊泵和地面沉降;超标准排放地热尾水会造成资源浪费和热污染;采、灌井间距的过小和相对位置的不合理,存在冷突破风险。针对不同问题,给出了针对性解决问题的建议。  相似文献   

宜良地热田水化学特征分析与研究     

张艳花  徐世光  巴俊杰  李晨晨  童文辉 《矿产与地质》2016,(5):837-841

水化学特征不仅应用于分析地下水水质的时空变化规律,而且还提供地下水水动力环境信息。水化学分析方法已成为对探索地热田成因、地下水补给来源等常用的研究方法。基于近些年的研究资料,综合分析热储层结构特征和水化学特征,认为宜良地热田为层状热储型中低温地热田,其热储层为震旦系灯影组。研究热储层流体的化学分布特征以及热流体的化学成分与温度的关系等,用化学温标核算了热储层温度,认为K-Mg温标更适用于中低温地热田热储温度的估算。地热水水化学特征等基本地质特征可作为地热田规划和开发的理论基础。  相似文献